作者：艾美 F 伍尔夫

    乔治 W 布什政府已经请求在2007（FY07）财年中的1.25亿美元把核武装的三叉弹道导弹转换成携带传统弹头的载体。一般估计计划在六年内可以花费达到5亿美元。

美俄亥俄级弹道导弹核潜艇中的潜射洲际弹道导弹

    依照2006年四年一次的防卫复审（QDR），美国国防部将会将少量的这些导弹换成传统的快速全球-打击（PGS）任务，美国正在寻求一个能力，在非常短告警内打击世界上无论何处的高度-决定性的目标。

    数字游戏

    在新的计划之下，美国海军据传闻指望去使用多达96枚常规弹头装备24枚“三叉戟”潜射导弹。使用二艘大修过的潜水艇和12枚导弹在任何一个时间部署，这可以意谓二艘中的每一艘潜水艇上的常规导弹，每枚导弹上使用四枚弹头。剩余导弹（每艘俄亥俄级弹道导弹核潜艇能携带24枚导弹）会携带核弹头，而且潜水艇会大概在他们的核任务一致的区域中继续去保持警戒和巡逻。

    有关三叉的部署和操作提示一些问题。举例来说，在这些潜水艇上的常规弹头会在削减战略武器条约（START）和莫斯科条约的限度之下计算。损失96枚弹头到常规任务或将不造成在4,900枚弹道导弹弹头的削减战略武器条约（START）限度下的一个问题，但是当美国减少到2,200枚弹头的莫斯科条约限度的时候，这可以开始去侵犯美国核-对准能力。

    美国将设法排除常规弹头在莫斯科条约的限度控制下计算，但是俄国可能不愿意接受这一个定位，当弹头是配置在相同的导弹和潜水艇上如同核弹头一样。

美俄亥俄级弹道导弹核潜艇可能成为战略核威慑和常规战术突袭兼备的全能王

    附原文供对照参考：

Time trial: should Trident add short-notice capability to the US global-strike mission?

By Amy F Woolf

    George W Bush's administration has requested USD125 million in Fiscal Year 2007 (FY07) to convert nuclear-armed Trident ballistic missiles into vehicles carrying conventional warheads. It is estimated that the programme could cost up to USD500 million over six years.

    According to the 2006 Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR), the US Department of Defense (DoD) will change a small number of these missiles for the conventional 'prompt global-strike' (PGS) mission under which the US is seeking a capability to strike high-payoff targets anywhere in the world at very short notice.

    Numbers game

    Under the new plans, the US Navy is reportedly looking to equip 24 Trident missiles with up to 96 conventional warheads. With two submarines in overhaul and 12 deployed at any one time, this could mean two conventional missiles per submarine, with four warheads on each missile. The remainder of the missiles would carry nuclear warheads, and the submarines would, presumably, continue to stand alert and patrol in the areas consistent with their nuclear mission.

    This prompts several questions about Trident deployments and operations. For example, the conventional warheads on these submarines would count under the limits in START and the Moscow Treaty. Losing 96 warheads to the conventional mission probably would not pose a problem under the START limit of 4,900 ballistic missile warheads, but as the US reduces to the Moscow Treaty limit of 2,200 warheads, this could begin to impinge on US nuclear-targeting capabilities.

    The US could try to exclude the conventional warheads from counting under the Moscow Treaty's limits, but Russia may be unwilling to accept this position when the warheads are deployed on the same missiles and submarines as nuclear warheads.

    Amy F Woolf is a specialist in National Defense at the Congressional Research Service. The views expressed here are her own and do not reflect the views of CRS or the Library of Congress.

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